Science facts - A Journey Towards Science

 Amino acids are any group of organic molecules that contain a basic amine group (NH2), a carboxylic acid group (COOH), and an organic group R (or called a side chain) that is unique to each amino acid and is the building block of proteins. The term amino acid is an abbreviation for αamino carboxylic acid. And each molecule contains a central carbon (C) atom, called alpha carbon, so that both groups are bound; The amine and the carboxylate. And the remaining two bonds of the alpha carbon will combine with a hydrogen atom, and the group R will be as follows: Amino acids differ from each other according to the specific chemical group, the R group. Building blocks of proteins Proteins are essential to sustain life on Earth. It produces many of the structural elements in the cell, and helps to connect cells with each other in tissues. Some proteins act as contractile elements, making movement possible. Others are responsible for transporting essential materials from outside the cell to...

  Russian chemist "Dmitry Mendeleev" published his first attempt to group chemical elements and tabulate them according to their atomic weights in the late nineteenth century. There were only 60 known chemical elements in that period, but Mendeleev had noticed the alignment of some elements in a regular order in the form of regular and successive cycles, when he organized the known elements at their time according to their atomic weights. What is the periodic table and why is it important? Today, 150 years later, chemists are already dealing with 118 known chemical elements (after adding four new elements in 2016) and the order of elements that Mendeleev used in his chemical table is still followed, as the modern periodic table begins with the simplest atom: the hydrogen atom, then Then the rest of the elements are lined up according to their atomic numbers (and the atomic number is the number of positive protons in an atom). With few exceptions, the arrangement of the elemen...

 What is chemistry Chemistry is the science that studies matter and its properties, how and why substances combine or separate to form another substance and how it interacts with energy.Many people think that chemists wear a white coat and they test and mix strange liquids in the laboratory, but in fact we are all chemists. Understanding basic chemistry concepts is part Important for nearly every profession. Everything in existence is made up of matter, even our bodies.Chemistry is present in everything we do, like farming, cooking food, cleaning our homes and our bodies, and even launching a space rocket. Chemistry is one of the physical sciences that helps us describe and explain our world.   Departments of Chemistry Chemistry is divided into 5 major departments, each of which has several fields of study. Analytical chemistry: Qualitative and quantitative observation is used to define and quantify the physical and chemical properties of substances. Physical chemistry: This s...

 For the first time, scientists were able to study the mysterious element «einsteinium», one of the strangest elements with large atoms, very sensitive and rare, and difficult to study. One of the titans has given up some of its secrets, as scientists have finally gathered enough einsteinium to learn important details about its chemical composition and its ability to form bonds. During the past seventy years, the study of einsteinium isotopes has been frustratingly difficult, due to the difficulty of their formation, and because the half-life of these isotopes is less than a year, and the study is subject to difficulties despite obtaining some useful results in the beginning. The element is supposed to behave like its less powerful isotopes in the actinide series, but due to its large size, strange relativistic influences make it impossible to predict the way it will interact within certain chemical reactions, this question can usually be solved by experiments.   The U.S. Depa...

 How do scientists determine the age of fossils or fossils? When paleontologist Mary Schweitzer discovered soft tissues in a fossil of Tyrannosaurus rex, the question was how did these tissues survive so long? The age of these discovered bones was 65 million years, and what I know about fossilization is that all soft cells degrade, whether it is blood or brains. Only hard parts like bones and teeth can become fossils. But on the other side, the discovery raised a different question for some people, which is how scientists know if the age of the fossils is really 65 million years old.   Our knowledge today of the age of fossils or fossils is based mainly on radiometric dating. This method is based on the properties of isotopes, which are similar chemical elements such as carbon and uranium except for one main property, which is the number of neutrons in each nucleus. Usually an atom contains an equal number of protons and neutrons, and the atom becomes unstable if there are man...