Science facts - A Journey Towards Science

 Nero became Emperor of the Roman Empire after the death of his adoptive father, Emperor Cladius, in AD 54. Nero was the last ruler of what historians call the "Julio Claudian" dynasty, and he ruled until his suicide in June 68 AD. Nero is best known for his story of playing the violin while Rome burns in a wild fire, but in fact this story is questionable. Nero is one of the most notorious men in history. During his reign he killed his mother Agrippina the younger and his first wife Octavia, and allegedly killed his second wife, Poppaia Sabina. In addition, ancient writers claim that Nero was the one who started the great fire of Rome in 64 AD in order to rebuild the center City. Although ancient writers drew many accusations against Nero, the evidence indicates that he enjoyed some popular support, as he was so passionate about music and the arts that he performed a public musical in Rome in AD 65. Suetonius, a critic of the second century A.D., wrote: "Nero missed any...

 People often think that short sight is an inevitable consequence of aging or eyestrain. In fact, a healthy lifestyle can greatly reduce eye health disorders. In a 2013 study update to test different versions of the original formulas, the modifications included omega-3 fatty acids, zeaxanthin, lutein, and beta-carotene. The study found that some formulations are more effective than others. Other studies have confirmed the importance of omega-3 fatty acids (including DHA), copper, lutein, and zeaxanthin, which are essential for eye health. In this article, we're talking about 10 healthy foods that boost eye health. We'll also discuss tips and warning signs for healthy eyes. Top Ten Foods for Eye Health - Healthy Lifestyle Benefits for Eye Health - Reducing the Risk of Age-Related Degradation in Eye Health - Vitamin C 10 healthy foods for healthy eyes: 1- Fish: It is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids. Oily fish is a fish that contains oil in its intestine and tissue structure,...

 Cytokines, those unknown protagonists of the immune system that often act as the first responders to infection, are molecules that allow the body's cells to communicate with each other, and are essential to the function of the immune system. Nevertheless, many cytokines may have a negative effect and result in what is known as a "cytokine storm." Many different immune cells produce these small signaling molecules, such as neutrophils - some of the first cells to travel to the site of infection - and mast cells - responsible for allergic reactions - macrophages, B cells and T cells, according to a 2014 review published in the journal Frontiers of Immunology. Immune biologist at the University of Arizona in Tucson Joyce Wu said: “Cytokines are transmitted from cells and then bind to specific receptors in both immune and non-immune cells, and they may send signals to the cell to modify how it grows or behaves, as almost every organ of the body has cells with receptors.  Che...

 1- Cholesterol level: Cholesterol levels tell your doctor about the fats in your blood. Unhealthy levels are associated with hardening of the arteries, which can cause: heart disease, heart attacks and strokes. Your levels include: good-HDL cholesterol, bad-LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (common fats in the body). If you are aware of your proportions and the factors that may affect them, you can follow some steps that may help control them. 2- Failure to conduct tests: Unhealthy cholesterol levels do not exhibit typical symptoms, so it is essential to check them. If you notice anything wrong with it, eating a healthy diet, changing your lifestyle, and taking medication may help. After your first twenty years, your doctor will ask you to have a regular blood test every four to six years, to make sure that your cholesterol is within its normal levels. If not, your doctor will closely monitor your levels to determine if treatment is needed. 3- Neglecting sports activities: Regula...

 Our diet affects the health of our bodies, and since hair is part of the body, it is necessary to refer to the nutrients that fortify it in order to improve the health and appearance of hair. Let's learn about the top ten foods to maintain healthy hair: 1. Salmon to keep the shine: Salmon, sardines, and mackerel are rich sources of omega-3, which is a type of healthy fatty acid that the body is unable to manufacture, as it is necessary to resort to external sources rich in it, such as fish or nutritional supplements. Omega-3 helps prevent many diseases, and plays an important role in hair growth and maintaining its luster and density. 2. Greek yogurt for increased growth: Milk contains an abundant amount of protein, and protein is the cornerstone of cell formation. Pantothenic acid, known as vitamin B5 - which is an important component of milk - helps improve blood flow to the scalp, which in turn helps in hair growth, and its effect has been noted in treating hair loss and thinni...

   In the third decade Most Americans eat an ample amount of protein that helps muscles build and form, but most need more of it. Protein Rich Sources: Lean red meat, fish and dairy products, as well as plant-based sources of protein such as: beans, lentils, nuts, grains and soybeans have the added benefit of having the fiber that young people need in their diet so much. Carbohydrates "complex sugars" Carbohydrates are the body's preferred energy source, as this type of carbohydrate needs a longer time to be broken down and digested, and therefore it gives more energy and a sense of satiety for a longer period.   Beans, oatmeal, and whole-wheat bread are rich sources of sugars. Calcium-rich food The best food for every age group - The types of foods to suit every age group - The food you should eat according to your age - The types of foods according to age Calcium helps strengthen the bones and teeth, and it is very important in your twenties because the bones in this pe...

 10. No high cholesterol: While most of us worry about the amount of foods accused of raising blood cholesterol, we find some individuals are not affected by this issue, especially since they have a mutation that led to a deficiency in the gene PCSK9. After scientists discovered more than ten years ago how this deficiency affects blood cholesterol levels in some African Americans, companies created drugs that suppress this gene, and it was noticed after the experiments that this step reduced cholesterol by 75%. 9- HIV resistance: HIV is considered one of the most dangerous viruses that infect humans, but some individuals can resist it through a mutation that stops the action of the CCR5 protein, especially since the virus needs it to bind to the CD4 receptor and be able to enter the host's cells.   However, some types of this virus have generated other proteins that they use to enter cells. 8- Resistance to infection with malaria: Only people with sickle cell anemia can fight ...

 Changes week by week! Pregnancy is defined as the period between the inception of the fetus (fertilization) and birth, that is, during the growth and development of the child in the mother's womb. And because it is impossible to know exactly when the fetus was conceived; The gestational age is calculated from the first day of the mother's last menstrual period. It is calculated in weeks. This means that during the first and second weeks of pregnancy, a woman in it is not yet pregnant. This is when her body prepares to receive the fetus. A normal pregnancy lasts for 37 to 41 weeks. Week 1 - 2: The first week of pregnancy is from the first day of a woman's menstrual cycle and she is not considered pregnant yet. - At the end of the second week, the egg is secreted from the ovary, and this is at the most likely time for pregnancy if sexual intercourse takes place without contraception. Week 3: sperm. During sexual intercourse, after the man ejaculates, sperm enter the vagina. ...

 For the first time, researchers have connected electronically the brains of pairs of mice to enable them to communicate directly to solve simple behavioral puzzles. Another test of this idea succeeded in connecting the brains of two animals thousands of miles apart - one in Durham, North Carolina, and the other in Natal, Brazil.   Miguel Nicolelis, M.D. and Philosophy, lead author of the publication and professor of neurobiology at Duke University, School of Medicine, said: “Our previous studies with mediation between the brain and the machine have convinced us that the mouse brain is more plastic than we previously thought. In those experiments, the mouse brain was able to easily adapt to receive information from devices outside the body as well as learn how to process the invisible infrared rays generated by an artificial sensor. So the question we asked was, 'If the brain is able to absorb signals from artificial sensors, can it absorb the information input from sensors fr...

  Spores are reproductive cells that are able to grow to be a new individual without the need to fuse with another reproductive cell. Thus spores differ from gametes (which are reproductive cells that must fuse in pairs in order to form a new individual). Spores are the medium of asexual reproduction, while gametes are the medium of sexual reproduction. Spores are produced by bacteria, fungi, algae, and some plants. Bacterial spores largely represent a relaxation or dormant phase in the bacterial life cycle, which helps preserve the bacteria during periods of unfavorable conditions. Spore production is particularly common among the bacteria Bacillus and Clostridium, which several types cause disease. Many bacterial spores are extremely vigorous and can grow even years after they are dormant. In fungi, the function of spores is the same as that of plant seeds. They are produced and released by specialized formulas, such as the edible portion of mushrooms, in which fungal spores repr...

 Electromagnetic radiation is a type of energy that surrounds us from everywhere, and takes many forms, such as: radio waves, (microwaves), X-rays, and gamma rays, and sunlight is also a form of electromagnetic energy, while visible light is considered A small fraction of the electromagnetic spectrum, and it has a wide range of electromagnetic wavelengths. Electromagnetic theory. It was previously believed that electrical and magnetic waves are separate forces, however, in 1873 AD, the Scottish physicist (James Clark Maxwell) developed a unified theory of electromagnetism, as it is concerned with the study of electromagnetism, how electrically charged particles interact with each other, and with magnetic fields, and there 4 main types of electromagnetic reactions are:  Magnetic poles are in the form of pairs that attract and repel each other, much the same as electrical charges do.  An electric current through a wire creates a magnetic field whose direction depends on the...

 Life faced many problems and obstacles when the Earth was formed nearly 4 billion years ago. Back then, our atmosphere contained almost no oxygen, and there was a period when the climate changed and became so bad that alligators were swimming in the Arctic, and of course, the ancient dinosaurs were wiped out by an asteroid. Life that went through periods of good and bad not only survived, but also flourished; That's because life has the remarkable ability to evolve through random gene mutations and selecting those with the highest adaptability.   Thanks to nature's ingenuity, some fish have evolved anti-freeze proteins for swimming in the freezing waters, while mussels had genes that produce a glue that helps them stick to rocks underwater. Surprisingly, nature can find these kinds of solutions, but as it turns out, humans can too. Go the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the year 2018 and announced in (3 OCT) scientists who have used the power of evolution, as it got Frances Arno...